An unforgettable visit to Dubai Essay

As I sat in the car waiting impatiently to reach there, I though about my all-time dream coming true, visiting the modern wonder, Dubai. Since the United Arab Emirates were formed in 1971, Dubai has always been the most resourceful, united and modern of all. It has been very famous for a lot of tourist attractions like Burj Al Arab and Emirates towers. Additionally, the highest tower in the world, Dubai tower is currently being built and an above-ground metro is being designed for safe, fast transport around the city and its neighbouring Emirates. As I entered the city, many thoughts about where to go and what to do swarmed past my mind. First, I went to the hotel I am staying in and checked in. Around me was a new world, places to discover, scenery to see and buildings to watch. The city was completely modern and the skyscrapers gave it an even more modern look. But, according to the previous Sheikh’s point of view it is not buildings which build up a city but instead: knowledge, education and awareness is what matters most. After I left my room, I headed to Al Mamzar park and beach, these place were so natural and although they were surrounded by traffic and pollution, I could easily notice the smell of nature around me. After that I went to the biggest mall in the middle east, Emirates mall. In this gigantic trading centre, I bought many souvenirs and traditional, hand-made goods. One of the most things I liked about shopping in Dubai is that it is completely tax-free. As for food, Dubai provides foods from over two hundred countries worldwide with professionally made dishes by international trademarks. Anyway, I chose to eat tradional Arabic food which I felt was the best I had tasted since years. After visiting Aquaparks, skyscrapers, ancient remains, museums and malls, I realised how lucky I was to be in this wonderful place. â€Å"The blend of tradition and science.† The only problem I experienced in Dubai is that it’s  a little over-crowded. One of the most important thing I noticed about Dubai and not in other countries is Safety. As I wandered along the busy roads, I noticed that a police car flew past me almost every two minutes. I am really happy to fulfill my dream to visit Dubai and the U.A.E and I personally recommend you to visit this city and experience modern life along with a blend of culture and tradition.

Pride and Prejudice is considered a classic novel Essay

Throughout high school, students are asked to read classic novels for book reports and essays. Many of them are unsure of what aspects a book must possess in order to be considered a true classic. Mostly, the majority of students are reluctant about reading these classic novels because they assume the novels will be lackluster compared to modern literature. However, many of them would be pleasantly surprised after reading some of the books that are considered classic. Clare Washbrook, a member of the National Association of Teacher of English, considers a classic novel to be moral, truthful, appealing, and relevant. Analyzing these aspects will prove that Pride and Prejudice is a classic novel. Morality is a common theme throughout many classic novels. Clare Washbrook believes that â€Å"a classic novel will usually say something of value and draw attention to human problems† (en.allexperts.com). These novels will teach a lesson within the text. Pride and Prejudice repeatedly portrays the pride and vanity that is a common human problem within literature. â€Å"A person may be proud without being vain. Pride relates more to our opinion of ourselves, vanity to what we would have others think of us,† (Austen page?). The text helps to prove that if pride is put aside, happiness can be achieved. When Darcy puts his pride aside and confesses his love for Elizabeth, it sets forth a series of events that in the end bring them together. Morality is an obvious necessary component of a classic novel, but truthfulness helps connect the reader to the story being told. Truthfulness should appear in any novel considered classic. ClareWashbrook mentions that it is important to believe what is being said. This is a significant characteristic because the reader must connect with the text. The literature must be believable otherwise a reader will not be able to understand or visualize what is occurring. The content of Pride and Prejudice is sincere because many events that occur can be related to modern day. â€Å"I love him. Indeed he has no improper pride. He is perfectly amiable,† (Austen 314). At this point in the book, Elizabeth speaks to her father about marrying Mr. Darcy. Her father was questioning her love because she once loathed him. Elizabeth removes her prior prejudice and sees the true side of Mr. Darcy. Thing of this nature occur in society quite often. The  truthfulness of a novel adds to the connection a reader feels with the writing. Lastly, a classic novel must have lasting relevance. Audiences should be able to connect with what is being said at any time period. Clare Washbrook states that â€Å"[the novel] should†¦ display universal constants† (en.akkexperts.com). Some examples of universal constants provided by Clare Washbrook include love, fear, and death. Pride and Prejudice portrays examples of love and fear throughout he novel, which are two very familiar aspects of humans. Bingley and Jane are in love. Darcy is falling in love with Elizabeth. Darcy wants to avoid falling in love with Elizabeth because he has too much pride in himself and is fearful of what may happen if he falls in love. These events are fairly significant to the modern world. The characteristics of classic literature may be unclear to many students, but it is certain that these novels are moral, truthful, and relevant to today’s society. Although young readers are often reluctant about reading classics, many times they end up enjoying them because they have more substance than modern literature. Though the aspects of a classic novel are debatable, there is no doubt that Pride and Prejudice is considered a timeless classic. Works Cited Washbrook, Clare. â€Å"Literature: Fahrenheit 451.† All Experts. 11 Sept. 2007. .

Antivirus Programs: Methods and Benefits Essay

Today, people rely on to create, store, and manage critical information, many times via a home computer network information transmited over networks has a higher degree of security risk than information kept in a user’s home or company premises. Thus, it is crucial that they take measures to protect their computers and data from loss, damage, and misuse resulting from computer security risks. Antiirus program are an effective way to protect a computer against viruses. An antivirus program protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory, ontorage media, or on incoming files. ! When you purchase a new computer, it often includes antivirus software . antivirus program work by scanning for programs that attempt to modify the boot program, the operating system, and other programs that normally are includes antivirus software . antivirus program work by scanning for programs that attempt to modify the boot program, the operating system, and other programs that normally are read from but not modified. In addition, many antivirus programs automatically scan files (Bulowski) (Bulowski) (Bulowski, Protection and Precaution Keeping Your computer Healthy, 2008)download from the web, e-mail attachment, opended files, and all types of remoble media inserted in the computer (karanos 201 – 205) One technique that antivirus programs use indentify a virus is to look for virus signatures, or virus definitions, which are known specific patterns of virus code. According to Shelly and Cashman (Antivirus Programs), many vendors of antivirus programs allow registered users to update virus signarure files automatically from the Web at no cost for a specified time. Updating the antivirus. Bullowski points out that most antivirus also protect against worms and Trojan horse (55-61).Program’s signature files regularly is important, because it will download any new virus definitinion that have been added since the last update. Methods that guarantee a computer or network is safe from computer viruses simply do not exist. Installing updating and using an antivirus program, though, is an effective techniques to safeguard your computer from loss.

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 4

Research Paper Example The U.S. no longer manufacture enough to feed it is locals. The economic situation is unsustainable. The United States imports more than it is able to export. The U.S. is disposing off it is assets to sustain a moderate standard of living. In some constraining circumstances, the U.S. is taking massive debts to sustain the economy from falling (Baker & Baker, 2011). According to Cotton (1958), economical problems reflect the inadequacy of intellectual and material resources in the society. United States is world super power characterized by the control of the world in decision making of economic nature. Also notwithstanding, it is the most unequal industrialized nation, apart from the few Asians city states. Some of the economic problems now facing include the following (Cotton, 1958). There is the problem of trade deficits. Currently the U.S. imports more than it exports. For this reason the net cash outflow is negative. The U.S. has failed to produce enough to feed it is people; hence it is forced to import food from other countries. While this is happening, the regulatory and tax system have without a vivid reason raised domestic business costs. Apart from this, the fundamental cause to the present economic crisis in the U.S. was caused by the three decades detrimental U.S. trade and globalization policies (Baker & Baker, 2011). In addition, the economic problem in the U.S. is the inaccessibility to the markets. U.S. has naively and assumed that other countries will carry and hold themselves to the U.S. standards. The measured standards here include environment, labor and competition policy, Cotton (1958). These standards greatly affect the cost of production in the U.S. Economically, â€Å"if these countries fail to adhere to these standards, they gain an unfair cost advantage†. It is believed that U.S market has lost it is former glory, due the participation in the world trade.

Implementing the Responsibility to Protect Essay - 1

Implementing the Responsibility to Protect - Essay Example The paper tells that in the UN summit, all the governments and Heads of States saw the need for each state to protect the citizens from genocide, ethnic cleansing, crimes against humanity and war crimes. Indeed, the assurance of sovereignty protects the small states from the dictatorial rule that the dominant states would exercise on them. Essentially, the sovereign country should have inbuilt mechanisms of fighting crimes, however, it may seek international assistance where the threat is significant and worries the state security. The implication is that each state has to build a strong and reliable coordination with other countries, whose help becomes essential during a war. Therefore, one can argue strongly that sovereignty should not bar the state from forging the strong relationship with the other countries. In addition, inappropriate use of sovereignty would mean protecting the self-interest at the expense of the citizens. Some of the key catalysts to sovereignty include the po litical will, need for international integration and ethnic co-existence. Fundamentally, the leadership will and peaceful co-existence ensure that the sovereign state remains peaceful and coherent. In addition, it would enable the state to build a proper relationship with other states, thereby, being in a position of getting international assistance during the emergency. Furthermore, this would enhance international integration among different countries. Legally, the states are obliged to use sovereignty for the interest of the people, safeguard them and ensure that they free to live and interact in the country. The protection is legal and spelled out in the constitution, thereby, being credible and legitimate. In the contemporary society, Jackson acknowledges that there are State powers that do not use their sovereignty for the good of the people. For example, some developing states literally misuse sovereignty to achieve personal or ethnic gains, with disregards to the public. Ind eed, the theory of the balance of power explains the misuse of state sovereignty resulting from the differences in power factions within the country.

Persuasive Communication class - online discussion Personal Statement

Persuasive Communication class - online discussion - Personal Statement Example Instead of listening to the messages evoked by these music, they prejudge it and consider it as one which encourages bad behavior. In M.K. Asante’s book â€Å"It’s Bigger Than Hip Hop: The Rise of the Post-Hip-Hop Generation†, he talks about the censorship being imposed by the record companies on black artists of hip hop and rap music (Asante, 2008). The reason for this censorship is that the companies claim that the messages of hip hop music delve on the social, economic and political problems of the Black people. This is why hip hop music is often misconstrued to be encouraging negative behavior. In judging rap and hip hop music, it is essential that the listeners look deeper into the lyrics of the songs. The audience should have an open mind and consider the messages of the songs as the voice of the youth and the Black people. It is not fair to judge them according to who the singers or performers are; rather, the listeners should view the lyrics as an expression of a deeper problem conveyed through music. Among the ethical perspectives that were presented in Box 16.1, one considers egalitarianism or the â€Å"Golden Rule† as the most ethically defensible. The â€Å"Golden Rule† is a perspective which is universal among most of the religions in the world; therefore, it is clearly viewed as ethical. In Christianity, the Bible states, â€Å"All things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye so to them; for this is the law and the prophets† (TeachingValues.com LLC, n.d., p1). In Buddhism, the Udana-Varga states, â€Å"Hurt not others in ways that you yourself would find hurtful† (TeachingValues.com LLC, n.d., p1). The Islam religion’s version of the â€Å"Golden Rule† is â€Å"No one of you is a believer until he desires for his brother that which he desires for himself† (TeachingValues.com LLC, n.d., p1). While in Hinduism, it is expressed as â€Å"This is

Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Report - Assignment Example You may as well think about both your fleeting procedures and long haul objectives in the arranging stage, giving careful consideration to contrasting the dangers and the potential The Marketing Process rewards. When you have improved a plainly characterized marketing arrangement, you can start the usage stage. The triumph or disappointment of the usage stage depends practically altogether on the work you have finished in the examination and arranging stages. In the event that your arrangements are practical, well thoroughly considered and dependent upon sound investigation, the execution stage may as well bring about triumph for your business. It is vital to remain concentrated on your target goals throughout the execution stage and be readied to acclimate your arrangements to suit evolving conditions. We have to be attentive to changing economic situations, our rivals and clients and alter marketing techniques in like manner. These fundamental standards of marketing apply to all business sectors far and wide. Coca-Cola is extremely market orientated, accompanying the arrival of distinctive products, for example, Coke Lime flavour, and diet Coke. They went under far reaching statistical surveying to discover what individuals preferred, and regulating around the range of 59% of the planet market. Coca-Cola is the drink that gives where it counts down refreshment for the brain, figure and soul since just ice-frosty Coca-Cola makes a minute more uncommon by joining together the extraordinary Coca-Cola sensation with whats true and bona fide giving a wellspring of satisfaction in regular life. Coca-Cola customers are not just restricted to just drinking Coca-Cola, they can look over an assortment of juices, games beverages, and mineral waters. Despite the fact that carbonated beverages are their biggest development fragment, the Asia showcase alone has around 3.2 billion buyers. Globally, Coca-Cola

Critically analyse approaches to market segmentation that can be Essay

Critically analyse approaches to market segmentation that can be applied to the fashion retail sector - Essay Example Besides, clothing for every season is being produced to suit every market and every generation. This enhances the importance of market segmentation in the fashion retail sector. This essay will critically analyze the approaches that can be applied to the retail fashion sector. The fashion retail industry in UK is turbulent as the fashion conscious consumers expect and thrive for constant change. This requires proper market segmentation so that retailers are in a position to satisfy individual customer needs. The fashion retail market is split into number of segments – luxury, high street and supermarket/out-of-town discounter (Bruce & Daly, 2006). With the supermarkets having entered the clothing sector, the fashion retail has been redefined. It enables the time-starved consumers to purchase cheap clothing instead of visiting high street. Different retailers adopt a different segmentation strategy depending on the market and the products they have on offer. Segmentation according to Bond and Morris (2003) can either be attitudinal or latent class segmentation. Consumers have different attitudes and these lead to different behavior but this does not apply to the retail fashion sector where customer preferences change by the season. Results on the basis of attitudinal segmentation have been very flat. Latent class segmentation differentiates people on the basis of the degree of their perception of brand, price promotion, sales personnel and product line. Segmenting on this basis gives a better cluster solution which is more robust than based on attitudes. Market positioning strategies are developed by retailers based on product, price and service provision. Store images assist the retailers in determining the positioning strategies (Birtwistle, Clarke & Freathy, 1998). The retailers project an image which matches the targeted customers’ self-image world, which increases customer loyalty. The store image is linked to customer

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 139

Summary - Essay Example These communities provide a dual relationship between the families of the deaf and the overall deaf community. This is because there is a congregation of like-minded individuals. It is also important to consider creation of congregation opportunities where the deaf would meet to socialize with fellow deaf individuals. These individuals would feel at home while within such congregations (Holcomb, 2012). In addition, participating in straight talks would provide a global solution to the misunderstandings that the deaf go through due to difficulties when communicating with non-signers. Moreover, adopting positivity or a can-do attitude would help the deaf in demonstrating their worth in the society. Furthermore, the deaf world would improve if they could teach other deaf people on the deaf language and their overall culture. However, there are some obstacles to these solutions that include lack of technology such as hearing aids, financial resource constraints and outsigning environment s (Holcomb, 2012). In overcoming the obstacles, the international organizations of the deaf world usually unite to promote their well-being. The solutions that are unique to the American deaf include civil right laws, availability of interceptors, educational opportunities, a high number of deaf academic leaders among others (Holcomb, 2012). The behaviors exhibited by the deaf individuals in the society are usually determined by the formation of identity that they have experienced in their lifetime. Mostly, the variation in upbringing affects the affinity degree that they exhibit as well as the procedure of identity formation. To realize a positive identity for the deaf individual takes a long and a difficult journey mostly due to the ignorance that is deeply embedded in those that they work with and that exhibited by their hearing parents. Due to such issues, the deaf individual grows up without appropriate experience as well as lack of opportunities that are geared

Gerontology Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gerontology - Term Paper Example The sociological elements encompass issues such as individual relations with certain cultures, guidelines as well as aspects that bring or make the civilization appear in order. According to scholars in biological and related fields, aging process begins, immediately; an individual starts to live with the development of certain structures that do not appear before a person is born. During the aging progression, the bodies and mind commences developments until they reach a period that they are being considered mature (Hogstel, 2001). In the early years of growth and development of human beings, various factors affect the levels of development with regards to the bodily and mental developments. The factors that influence the way people develop both mentally and psychically include genetics, and other individual attributes, family backgrounds and other related factors. Correspondingly, the progression through the other levels of development such as adulthood gain much influences from in dividual health, mindsets and behaviors concerning various aspects of existence. Therefore, aging cannot be taken as a straightforward process restricted to bodily wellness and loss of healthiness. Aging can be considered an intricate procedure that is attributed to many factors including the individual and social elements. Over the years, the matter of aging has received much attention as evident with the augmenting edification of health and social workers concerning matters of aging. Similarly, research has been performed concerning the aging group thus presenting basis for understanding and dealing with matters associated with aging (Hogstel, 2001). The research conducted concerning aging assists health workers, and related professionals to manage or take care of individuals at the old age, and offering solutions to various problems that arise with old age. Recently, gerontological nursing has markedly acquired the needed thrust in the nursing discipline with the numerous cases o f aging groups coupled with extensive research. In doing this, numerous challenges exhibited within the gerontology field can be effectively managed through acquisition of necessary information concerning this population (Hogstel, 2001). Nevertheless, the nursing sector had experienced problems in handling this component of the populace since little information and facilities to offer the services and trainings are available. In relation to nursing coupled with gerontology, various terms are exploited interchangeably in order to bring out the relations between the two concepts. According to nursing geriatric nursing is considered, a concept that concerns treatment old persons experiencing health problems. Geriatric nursing can also be attributed to the investigation of illnesses and other health problems that affect the old age, as well as, their subsequent analysis and treatment. In geriatric nursing, considerable emphasis is applied in the significance of social and psychological factors during the treatment of people experiencing various problems in their old age. According to geriatrics, the lifestyles exhibited by individuals at their old ages profoundly affects their health status implying that enhanced and monitored lifestyles can serve, as tools, to alleviate certain health problems (Hogstel, 2001). In contrast, gerontological

CLOUD COMPUTING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

CLOUD COMPUTING - Essay Example However, the issue of cloud security is the main focus for the various cloud computing potential customers and it is also considered the major barrier to most of its widespread applications (Patrick, 2013). This research paper will focus on current research done on cloud security. The main focus of the paper will be to survey the popular cloud computing security models as well as the diverse parameters of cloud security which will involve virtualization, compliance, framework, risk management, dynamic access security, internet access security and access management. Introduction The biggest problem facing network computing and distributed systems is security. Cloud computing refers to internet computing and it is the latest concept that has the capability to increase an organization’s service delivery efficiency. The security models of cloud computing that are cloud multiple tenancy model of NIST, cloud risk accumulation model of CSA, Jerico forum’s cloud cube model and the mapping model of cloud, compliance and security are supported by the three cloud services models. Resources for cloud computing are scalable and dynamic .The representation of cloud computing is elaborated through three cloud computing service models which are platform as a service (PaaS), Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Software as a Service (SaaS) (Patrick, 2013). The main aim of these cloud computing service models is to be able to provide the IT departments with focus on the various strategic projects as well as cutting down on the operational costs (Ritesh, Anant war& Swati, 2012). The cloud computing models are considered to have a variety of dimensions that are used to further worsen the security problem. The cloud computing model comprises of two main features which are elasticity and multi-tenancy. Elasticity depends on the presence of secure placement strategies andsecures service migration while multi-tenancy feature results to virtualization and thus the boundaries among different host services need to be improved. At present the available security strategies are only for the single cloud user and single cloud provider but if cloud computing in the future moves to a multiple provider environment security there will be a greater challenge in addressing the issue of security (Patrick, 2013). Users of cloud computing are able to access their database resources from the internet regardless of their location. It is quite clear that the use of cloud services is important and offers a lot of benefits to the user or the enterprise that has ad apted the new technology. Cloud computing can thus be regarded as a model that enables convenience on the demand network access to the shared computing resources. As stated by Amarnath et. al.2010 virtualization technology is used to optimize the performance of the application in a cost effective way but this technology can introduce some security risks. Therefore, cloud computing security plays a major role because the customers outsource computation tasks and data on cloud computing servers which are managed by cloud providers who cannot be trusted (Amarnath, 2010). Cloud computing has become popular as a result of many enterprise applications moving to the cloud platforms. However, the issue of security has become a major barrier point for cloud computing adoption. Based on a recent survey research conducted by the International Data Corporation almost 87.5% of the IT executives stated that security is a major challenge that must be dealt with in each cloud service. Therefore, th ere is need to come up with applications that will be used to curb the threats brought about by security by using some security

Law describing and evaluating the roles of the courtroom work group Essay Example for Free

Law describing and evaluating the roles of the courtroom work group Essay A court room work group is a term referring to professionals that serve in the court on a daily basis. These professionals include a prosecutor, the criminal defence attorney and the judicial officer. The courtroom working group seeks to bring justice to all. It ensures that all parties are accorded due fairness and equal opportunity regardless of gender, race, age, religious affiliation nor any other factor. They also see to it that trials are completed successfully. The concept of court room working group is associated with plea bargaining. The courtroom working group has shown tremendous explanatory power in overburdened courts dealing with huge case loads. Describing and Evaluating Roles of Courtroom Work Group Professionals that serve in the court, each have a commitment to oversee a successful trial completion. Due to this commitment they must each follow a strict code of ethics and also they must adhere to the law and its practice. In most cases however, the number of judges and attorneys is limited hence there is a possibility that a personal as well as professional relation that may stem up. However this must not be prioritised by either of the parties involved and the pursuit of justice must always remain the order of the day. The changes I would recommend are rising of the bar when it comes to security measures. The reason why I suggest this is because sometimes violent criminal offenders may take advantage of the courtroom environment and cause havoc inside the court. For example in the past there was a reported case whereby an offender grabbed an officer’s pistol and started shooting randomly in the courtroom. Safety measures should be put in place in order to curb such bizarre scenarios in the future. The role of the prosecutor is to represent the rights of the citizens. This is assumed to be so because a crime is defined as an act or omission which constitutes an offence punishable by law. Hence, when an offender is presented in court, the charges levelled against him read, Republic or State vs defendant. Therefore the role of the prosecutor is to represent the people’s cases against the defendant. With that role comes great responsibility on him, in that the burden of proof automatically lies with him. Also he has to work hard to ensure that evidence is presented legally, and the state procedures are adhered to in a way that dismissal is avoided. Another role of the prosecutor is that he acts as a consultant and advisor to the police departments. He assists them in the course of investigations and also provides insight into the acquisition of evidence and the procedural element of it. A prosecutor usually decides which case to pursue based on the fact that whether they think they can prove beyond reasonable doubt that a defendant is guilty of an offense (Herrmann, Joachim, p. 468). They achieve this by firstly studying in a detailed manner the charges levelled against the defendant. Also he must examine the corresponding evidence presented which includes any testimonials or witnesses and any other material fact that may affect his case. After accomplishing this task he has a more insightful view of the case and is best able to make an informed decision. At this juncture he may decide to file the case or drop the charges and recommend lesser sentences for the defendants who agree to plead guilty to a certain crime: a process that is referred to as plea bargaining (Heumann, 1977). If the criterion for taking a case was more stringent, many cases would be dismissed due to lack of concrete evidence. This is because majority of the cases brought to the court have circumstantial evidence but with great eyewitness testimony. If the criterion was less stringent on the other hand, the court system would be overburdened with cases lacking sufficient evidence and support, hence resulting in less attention being accorded to cases that urgently require it. The criminal justice system has been defined as resembling a funnel that is, being wide at the top and being narrow at the bottom. This is interpreted to mean that there are more suspects and defendants in the justice system than there are convicted offenders who have successfully passed through the correctional system. The criminal justice system has a number of processes that an offender goes through, beginning with the investigation process and ending with the release of a convicted individual from a correctional facility. As criminals pass through the criminal justice system, quite a number of cases are dismissed due to a variety of reasons one being the lack of sufficient evidence. Discretion is another effect brought about by the criminal justice funnel. Many of the cases in the criminal justice system are investigated, tried or dismissed purely on the basis of personal choices. These choices are made by persons who use discretion to decide on individual cases. Also police officers may decide whether to conduct investigations on a case or to just go ahead and make an arrest of the suspect, again based on personal choice. Whereas on the other hand, attorneys and judges also interpret information to decide on the bail applications and plea bargains (Hermann Joachim, p. 468). Unreported cases is also another factor emerging form this system. A number of crimes go unreported for a variety of reasons and this allows the offenders of such crimes go off Scott free and mingle with other people in the society. This adds to the ever growing number of cases that do not make their way into the early stages and final stages of the criminal justice system. Case backlog means that the defendants have to wait longer in order to get a verdict on the case. It means t the defendant has to remain as a suspect for a prolonged period. Some of the offenders that are held in custody are there because simply the offenses they committed can not be granted bail and other offenders are there because they have been unable to post bail. This backlog also inhibits the justice process by helping offenders get away with their crimes. This is especially evident where case requires immediate analysis of evidence (Daly, 2011).

Benefits of a Healthy Body Weight in the Elderly

Benefits of a Healthy Body Weight in the Elderly A Review Of The Benefits Of Nutritional Intervention In Improving Body Weight, BMI, Activities Of Daily Living (ADL), Decrease Functional Limitation and Healthcare Cost Among Elderly. Introduction Malnutrition is a condition in which consumption of insufficient of nutrients that are required by the body to maintain optimal function of the organs and tissues. Secondary to chronic or progressive disease, older people are vulnerable to malnutrition (Klipstein-Grobusch, Reilly, Potter, Edwards, Roberts, 1995; Watson, 1999). So it was believed that as the population of the elderly increases, cases of malnutrition among the elderly will also increase. 5-10% of non- institutionalized elderly are malnourished is shown in epidemiological studies (Posner et al., 1994). Furthermore, studies have shown that 51-61% of nursing home residents are at risk of malnutrition and 12-29% residents are malnourished (Guigoz, 2006; Suominen et al., 2005; Wojszel, 2006). Therefore, it can be concluded that malnutrition affect all the elderly no matter where they stay. The purpose of the review is to determine the effectiveness of nutritional intervention in improving nutritional status among the elder ly and reduce healthcare cost at the same time in order to prevent further increasing of malnutrition among elderly. It is relevant to nursing with the use of nutritional intervention such as oral supplementation because nurses can help the patients to monitor nutritional status and give feedback to the dietician when the patients are not compliance or the supplementations are not suitable for them to consume. Benefits of nutritional intervention Continuous intervention The first study used observational, prospective, longitudinal, cohort study which involved 378 elderly malnourished patients aged over 70 who lived in community, at home or in institutions which selected by general practitioners in France from two groups, group 1 with rare and group 2 with frequent prescription of oral nutritional supplements with contain high energy and protein. The aim of the study is to determine the impact of nutritional support on the cost and related comorbidities among elderly. Each patient was required to complete 12 months follow-up to measure the nutritional status, medical care consumption and identify malnutrition-related comorbidities. Nutritional status was adjusted using a generalized linear modeling approach and medical care costs were adjusted using a propensity score framework. Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) was significantly better in group 2 than 1from the first evaluation until the end of the study (P Another study was done in Amsterdam to determine the effectiveness of oral supplementation in decreasing functional limitation among malnourished elderly patients in hospital which involved 210 Dutch patients who aged 60 years and above using randomized control trial. Patients in intervention group received standardized nutritional support in hospital and continuing until three months after discharge. Telephone counseling by dietician is done to give advice and stimulate compliance to the proposed nutritional intake every other week after discharge. Patients in control group received the usual care and did not receive post-discharge nutritional support. Cost data were collected from societal perspective and measures using two cost diaries. The degree of difficulties patient experience with 6 activities such as climbing stairs, dress themselves, getting up and sitting down in a chair (score 0-6) measured by Functional Limitation Questionnaire (Kriegsman, Deej, van Eijk, Penninx Boeke , 1997). After three months follow-up, patients in control group had longer mean length of hospital stay and often admitted to other inpatient institutions compared to patients in intervention group. Patients in intervention groups were able to do more physical activities and costs spent were lower than in control group. The probability of the cost-effective for the intervention lies around 0.5 compared with the usual care which was 0.6 at maximum. After oral nutritional support was given, significant improvements in functional limitations was confirmed by the study done by Woo, Ho, Mak, Law, Cheung (1994). Need-based intervention A group of 92 elderly who aged 65 years and above in nursing home at Taiwan participated in a randomized, double blind, controlled trial which included one year follow-up to observe mortality. This study done to examine the effectiveness of need-based strategy in improving the nutritional status among elderly in nursing home. Elderly in intervention group were given routine monitoring and a warm soup which contained nutrient supplement while elderly in control group were given routine care and normal warm soup. The content in the soup and detail about the study was not told to the resident involved. The participants’ nutritional status was evaluated using MNA and the height, weight, mid-arm circumference, calf circumference, BMI was measured and calculated. The elderly in intervention group who give supplement would be suspended once either one of the â€Å"at risk† condition was corrected. Over-nutrition can be prevented and saved cost by giving supplements when it is needed. There was significantly improved body weight, BMI, mid-arm circumference, calf circumference and others in intervention group (all p Conclusion From this review, it concluded that nutritional intervention such as oral supplementation is effective in preventing malnutrition among elderly. Oral supplementation can be taken with warm soup that is easily prepared, saved costs and with no associated digestive problems. Even though overall studies used different methods implementing oral supplementations, the results clearly showed that there was improvement in patients’ body weight, BMI, ADL and nutrition status after nutritional intervention used. It is also effective using oral supplementation with routine screening such as MNA which enables early identification of those who are at risk so that an appropriate intervention can be taken. We as nurses are able to assess the patients’ nutritional status frequently using MNA by reporting any changes to the dietician and able to administer the oral supplementation ordered for the patients. Limitations for all the studies were small sample sizes used and health condition of the patients participated may change during the study which will cause the ineffective of the oral supplementation. Future research should be done in various hospitals, community hospitals and nursing homes so that results obtained will be more accurate. The study should be done with a longer follow-up to give more opportunities for the patients to improve and a more accurate cost spent can be obtained. A longer follow-up can determine the effectiveness of nutritional intervention on quality of life and physical activities accurately. 1 | Page

Relationship With The Media And Tourism

Relationship With The Media And Tourism According to statistics, there are aspects which affect our way of thinking much more than mass media alone. The information and advice we are fed daily from various sources can often be ignored by us, but the mass media influences us all greatly, therefore, it is important for us to define mass media. The term mass media was first used in the 1920s to denote a section of the media aimed at targeting the lager audience using outlets such as nationwide radio networks and mass circulation of newspapers and magazines, though some forms of mass media such as books and manuscripts had already been used successfully for centuries. Mass media includes Internet media such as podcasts, blogs, message boards and video. We now have the kind of exposure that is compares in scale to that which was once restricted only to a certain band of mass media producers. Such audience communication has been considered by various commentators as forming a mass society with special characteristics, in particular, atomization or the lack of social connections this makes it especially open to the influence of modern mass media techniques such as advertising and propaganda. Public media as a term is used much less and is defined as media whose mission is to server or engage a public. Mass media can be used for several purposes, these include: a. Advocacy, in business and social matters. This can include advertising, marketing, propaganda, public relations, and political communication. b. Entertainment, traditionally in the performing of music, acting and sports and more recently during the late 20th century via video and computer games. c. Public service announcements. What makes mass media so attractive? The tourism industry harnesses the mass media which in turn holds a form of mystique to the public. This is because the designed communication appeals to a wider demographic. Advances made in mass media technology aides the marketing and promotion of tourism. If it gets people talking then this is a sign of a good mass marketing drive. If it succeeds then not only does it mean that the advertising drive has worked well, but also that the organisation in charge will benefit by the much valued and sought after word-of-mouth method of advertising. 2) Types of Media It can be possible to divide the types of Media into 3 categories: Print Media, Electronic Media and New-age Media. à ¢- º Print Media à ¢-„ a. Book A book is a collection of sheets of paper, parchment or other material with a piece of text written on them, bound together along one edge within covers. A book is also a literary work or a main division of such a work. b. Magazine A magazine is a periodical publication containing a variety of articles, generally financed by advertising and/or purchase by readers. Magazines are typically published weekly, biweekly, monthly, bimonthly or quarterly, with a date on the cover that is in advance of the date it is actually published. They are often printed in color on coated paper, and are bound with a soft cover. Magazines can be classified as: General interest magazines (e.g. Frontline, India Today, The Week, The Sunday Indian etc) Special interest magazines (womens, sports, business, scuba diving, etc) c. Newspaper A newspaper is a publication containing news and information and advertising, usually printed on low-cost paper called newsprint. It may be general or special interest, most often published daily or weekly. The first printed newspaper was published in 1605, and the form has thrived even in the face of competition from technologies such as radio and television. à ¢- º Electronic Media à ¢-„ a. Broadcast: radio television Television and radio programs are distributed through radio broadcasting over frequency bands that are highly regulated by the Federal Communications Commission. Such regulation includes determination of the width of the bands, range, licencing, types of receivers and transmitters used, and acceptable content. b. Film Film encompasses motion pictures as individual projects, as well as the field in general. The name comes from the photographic film (also called filmstock), historically the primary medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist motion pictures (or just pictures and picture), the silver screen, photoplays, the cinema, picture shows, flicks and commonly movies. c. Internet The Internet (also known simply as the Net or less precisely as the Web) is a more interactive medium of mass media, and can be briefly described as a network of networks. Specifically, it is the worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and governmental networks, which together carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked Web pages and other documents of the World Wide Web. à ¢- º New-age Media à ¢-„ a. Blogs (Web Logs) Blogging has become a huge form of media. A blog is a website, usually maintained by an individual, with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Entries are commonly displayed in reverse chronological order. Many blogs provide commentary or news on a particular subject; others function as more personal online diaries. b. RSS feeds RSS is a format for syndicating news and the content of news-like sites, including major news sites like Wired, news-oriented community sites like Slashdot, and personal blogs. It is a family of Web feed formats used to publish frequently updated content such as blog entries, news headlines, and podcasts. c. Podcast A podcast is a series of digital-media files which are distributed over the Internet using syndication feeds for playback on portable media players and computers. The term podcast, like broadcast, can refer either to the series of content itself or to the method by which it is syndicated; the latter is also called podcasting. The host or author of a podcast is often called a podcaster. d. Mobile Mobile phones were introduced in Japan in 1979 but became a mass media only in 1998 when the first downloadable ringing tones were introduced in Finland. Soon most forms of media content were introduced on mobile phones, and today the total value of media consumed on mobile towers over that of internet content, and was worth over 31 billion dollars in 2007 (source Informa). 3) Role of the media in tourism The mass media plays a unique role in modern society. Its growth has accompanies an increase in the magnitude and the complexity of actions and engagements within society. With rapid social change, innovation in technology, an increase in personal income, standard of life and the decline of some traditional forms of control and authority. Although much debated, there is an association between the development of mass media and social change, even after years of study into the influence of the media. Many of the consequences whether beneficial or detrimental which are attributed to the mass media are almost without doubt due to other tendencies within society. Sociologists would rarely deny the significance of mass media and mass communications as a whole, as being a main feature in the construction and circulation of modern social understanding and imagery. The media play a crucial role in putting emerging destinations in Eastern Europe and Central Asia onto the global tourist map, helping to boost the local economies, according to the United Nations Tourism Organisation (UNTO) (http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=23983Cr=georgiaCr1=tourism). The vast majority of travel is decided upon by people who have never before travelled to that particular destination, and are therefore dependant on media reporting. Should a crisis occur, tourism can be seriously damaged. 4) Relationship with Media and Tourism It can not be ignored that the recent boom in tourism can be attributed to the media. Information is accessed using it and an education regarding the many interesting attractions to be found around the world. The internet is possibly the most popular source of information on destinations and the best way of reaching them. Through the Internet, information and various articles on a destination can be found which will give the traveller an advantage. They will also gain knowledge to determine which places best suit them and offer them the most. Using the internet is fairly easy and cheap to book. With online travel agencies, flights and trips can be booked simply by logging on to a particular website and making a choice from any of the tour packages the agency offers. 2. Effects of media on tourism The internet has for a long time been a key component and aide in the technology of travel. Surveys show that the trend is rising in numbers and indicate that travellers are doing their research and booking more and more of their travel online. Whist traditionally the realm of most major websites who were offering low airline fares with all the accompaniments are now in a position to offer even more. Social media now provides a completely new opportunity for interaction with its potential customers. It has become a global media platform which is at last, companies in all sectors are finding new way to: (http://38minutes.ning.com/profiles/blogs/can-social-media-make-an, Can Social Media make an impact on Travel and Tourism?) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ provide a greatly improved customer service à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ respond to customer needs in the marketplace à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ extend their real-world brands beyond current geographic restrictions These same things can occur in the world of travel and tourism! 1) Economy The tourism industry generates substantial economic benefits to host countries and tourists home countries. Particularly in developing countries, one of the first motivations for a region to promote itself as a tourism destination is the improvement made to its economy. Along with other factors, this massive economic development can bring both positive and negative consequences. (www.geointeractive.co.uk//economic%20impact%20of%20tourism.ppt, Globalisation and Tourism: Impact of Tourism) à ¢- ºNegative impact à ¢-„ There are numerous hidden costs relating to tourism, these can have a negative effect on the economy of the host community. Wealthy countries are better placed to profit from tourism rather than the poorer ones. In addition, the countries last developed will have the most urgent need for income, employment created by it and a general rise in living standards. These countries are less likely to realise these benefits due to large scale transfer of tourism revenues leaving the host country also the exclusion of local businesses and their products. a. Leakage The direct income for an area is the amount of tourist revenue that remains locally after taxes, profits and salaries are paid outside the area and after imports, these subtracted amounts are called leakage. Generally, in most all-inclusive package tours, around 80% of a travellers expenditure will go to the airline, hotels and other international companies, as opposed to local businesses and workers. In addition to this, significant amount of income actually retained at destination level can leave again through leakage. In Thailand, a study of leakage in tourism showed that an estimated 70% of all money spent by tourists actually left Thailand. There are two main ways that leakage occurs: Import leakage: This mostly occurs when tourists demand certain standards of foods, equipment and other products that the host country cannot supply. On average the import-related leakage for most developing countries to-date is between 40% and 50% of gross tourism earnings for small economies and between 10% and 20% for most advanced and diversified economies. Export leakage: Often, found in poorer developing countries, these are the only destinations that possess the necessary capital needed to invest in the construction of tourism infrastructure and its facilities. An outcome of this is an export leakage which will arise when overseas investors who finance the resorts and hotels take their profits back to country of origin. b. Enclave Tourism Local businesses sometimes see their opportunity to earn income from tourists severely reduced by the creation of all-inclusive holiday packages. When a tourist spends their entire stay at the same resort or cruise ship, which cater for all their needs and where they make all their purchases, there is little or no opportunity for local people to profit from tourism. All-inclusive hotels generate the largest amount of revenue but their impact on the economy is less per dollar of revenue than other forms of accommodation. All-inclusives also import more and employ fewer people per dollar of revenue than other hotels. The cruise ship industry provides another example of economic enclave tourism. In 1999 non-river cruises carried around 8.7 million international passengers. On some ships guests were encouraged to spend most of their time and money on board, more notably in the Caribbean. Guest opportunities to make purchases in certain ports are closely managed and restricted. c. Infrastructure cost Tourism development can cost the local government and local taxpayers a great deal of money. Developers may insist the government improve airports, roads and other infrastructure, along with tax breaks and other financial advantages, which can turn out to very expensive. Though the improvement of a countrys infrastructure can be deemed to be a necessity, when public resources are spent in such a way, it is often at the exposure of critical areas such as health and education. d. Increase in prices A tourist demands for services and goods will often cause price increases that react negatively on local residents whose income may not rise proportionately. Tourism development and the related rise in the demand of real estate may increase considerably along with a dramatic rise in building costs and land values, making basic daily requirements more difficult to attain. e. Economic dependence of the local community on tourism For a healthy economy diversification is a necessity. However, if a country or region becomes increasingly dependant for its economic survival upon one industry, it can put severe strain upon itself and the people involved to perform well. Developing countries, especially those without the ability to explore other resources have welcome tourism as a way to boost their economy. In Gambia, for example, 30% of workers depend directly or indirectly on tourism. Many small island states struggling to develop, percentages can range from 83% in the Maldives to 21% in the Seychelles and 34% in Jamaica. To rely solely on tourism carries a risk to those tourist-dependant economies. Economic recession, the impact of natural disasters such as tropical storms and changing patterns in tourism can all have a devastating effect. f. Seasonal character of jobs Problems that seasonal workers face include: job and income insecurity guarantee of employment difficulties in getting training employment-related medical benefits recognition of their experience working conditions and unsatisfactory and working conditions. à ¢- º Positive impact à ¢-„ a. Foreign exchange earnings Tourism expenditure will help generate income to the host economy which will stimulate the necessary investment for financial growth in various economic sectors. Some countries may accelerate growth by insisting that visitors bring in a certain amount of foreign currency for each day of the duration of their stay. A significant indicator of the role of international tourism is its generation of foreign exchange earnings. In 83% of countries, tourism is one of the leading five export categories this accounts for the main source of foreign exchange earnings for at least 38% of countries. b. Contribution to government revenues Taxes generated by direct contributions on incomes from tourism employment and businesses and direct levies made on tourist e.g. departure tax. Indirect contributions arrive via tax and duties charged on services and goods supplied to tourists. The TWO assumes that tourism and travels direct and indirect, and personal tax contribution globally was more than US$800 billion in 1998 this figure is expected to double by the year 2010. c. Employment generation International tourism and its rapid expansion has significantly increased employment. Eg. Hotel accommodation alone has provided around 11.3 million jobs worldwide during 1995. Tourism is able to create jobs directly via hotels, restaurants, nightclubs, souvenir sales and taxis amongst others, and indirectly via the supply of goods and services required tourist-related outlets and businesses. Tourism supports up to 7% of the global workforce. d. Stimulation of infrastructure investment Tourism can stimulate local government to make much needed infrastructure improvements, better water and sewage systems, roads, electricity, public transport and telephone amenities can all benefit from such investments. This will all invigorate, encourage, and improve the lives of residents and the tourist combined. e. Contribution to local economies The environment relies heavily on the assets of tourism revenues are often used amongst other in the economic value of protected areas. Other revenues are not so easily quantified, as not all of tourists spends is formally logged. Revenue is earned from tourism via informal labour such as street render, guides and drivers. A positive side to informal employment is that monies are generally recycled within the local economy this has a good multiplying effect as it is spend repeatedly over and over again its community. The WTO has estimated that tourism will probably generate an indirect contribution that will be equal to 100% of the direct total of tourism expenditure. 2) Culture There are concerns that the development of tourism could lead to some destinations losing their cultural identity if they cater for the presumed requirements of their tourists, in particular, the international market. This is based on the observations of other destinations having compromised their sense of identity. The experience of tourism can be somewhat different to the things people see and do when in a home environment, this includes the real life experience and lifestyle of the places and the people they may see during their visit. (http://www.gawler.sa.gov.au/webdata/resources/files/5_Gawler_Impacts_Tourism.PDF, The Social Cultural Impacts of Tourism) à ¢- º Positive impact à ¢-„ Tourism is an opportunity for cultural exchange and more, creating an interaction within people of different lifestyles, aspirations and needs. Putting economic benefits aside, experiencing outside contact within various communities draws attention to the host community. People will always want to interact with other cultures and communities in the hope of learning of their traditions or possibly be confronted by new challenges and perspectives on life. It has been said that travel is a means to discover that things unknown or forgotten within ourselves. Tourism is obviously an experience driven industry the more you do it the more you want it. In addition local culture is a unique experience, along with the local personality, food and hospitality. The more one knows and learns about a destination, the more fulfilling the experience will be. Tourism is often used as a tool for raising awareness. The local branding of certain products and achievements can create regional identity, nationally and internationally. The needs and awareness of local issues can be raised by tourism. There is a global trend that aims towards investment in interpretation of natural and cultural resources. The attraction to natural and heritage icons often helps to fund numerous conservation project it also provides opportunities for the management of those sensitive and significant areas. A growing and important number of cultural celebrations have emerged which highlight many important events whilst paying homage to their ancestry. Cultural events can assert their identity which help and preserve local traditions for younger generations they also influence and inform visitors. In Australia main urban areas which tend to be multicultural and have developed their own very unique cultures. Many mostly regional areas are very much influenced by the food and the culture of their founders. Local food, crafts and personalities are always kept alive and kicking purely by tourism whilst raising funds for the greater community. Tourism can often boost the preservations and transmission of cultural and historical traditions. This will often help with conservation and the sustainable management of natural resources, the protection of local heritage, and a revival of indigenous cultures and arts and crafts. à ¢- ºNegative impact à ¢-„ Many impacts are socio-cultural and result in a lack of information, false impressions, poor communication and knowledge and misinformation. Negative perceptions and attitudes towards visitors and tourism in general can affect tourism and communities. Ill feelings towards tourism, delays/obstructions to tourism product development plus lack of council/authority support can prevent tourism from flourishing; perhaps these communities are not yet ready or even prepared for the onslaught of tourism. Problems with the economy or the environment can all too easily, rightly or wrongly, be blamed on tourism. Leaving the channels of communication open and with adequate consultation transparency and involvement at community level at all stages during the planning process can benefit communities in taking ownership of tourism. In some circumstances the word tourist has become a negative term; in fact, many travellers no longer consider themselves as tourists and prefer the term traveller. There is a clear change in attitude of both the traveller and communities to the concept of the visitor. This concept now gives strength to the fact that travellers are merely guests of the community and that their stay in that community is very much a privilege and not a right. 3. Media marketing in tourism industry 1) How Film and TV drama images promote the new destination Greater knowledge of a country can be gained from film and TV. The wildlife, fauna, culture and its people can result in the broadening of minds and general attitudes towards the country. An interest in the nation and its positive image can eventually lead to an actual visit to the country (Iwashita, 2006). Leisure activities such as watching films as well as traveling are ways to escape. Both provide temporary relief from the real world (Carl et al., 2007). Films can induce viewers to travel by the physical properties (scenery and landscape) and their associated theme, storylines, events and actors, shaping the audience feelings, emotion and attitudes towards places. Location and film experiences are enhanced in memories by associating them with the actors, events and setting (Iwashita 2006; Riley Van Doren, 1992). One of the effective strategies to induce film tourists is collaborative campaigns with the film industry (Grihault, 2003). England provides an excellent example of the way in which film and television has boosted the tourism industry. Approximately 28 million visitors visit Britain each year after viewing the country on the screen (Kim et al., 2008). VisitBritain has made various efforts to temp Indian film makers to use UK locations in Bollywood movies, even if locations are used as backdrops for other countries. Movie maps have also been widely used to promote film locations of the destination. Movie maps have been found to be successful as part of film tourism marketing campaigns (Hudson Ritchie, 2006b). They can be used to ease film tourist in identifying various locations where the film has taken place. A movie map has been produced by VisitBritain highlighting more than 200 filmed locations across the UK. These materials have quickly become Visit-Britain most successful printed product. Other marketing strategies have included guided film tours and walks. Such tours have relied heavily on film illustrations enabling the tourist to identify the landscapes and buildings that have been used in the making of the move. There should also be a website dedicated to film tourism that will provide film synopsis, links to film-related websites, the necessary relevant information about travel within the destination including tours, accommodation, food, shopping and the opportunity to learn about film destination, the language, history, religion, lifestyle and leisure. 2) How consumers make a decision on their destination Literature on tourism shows that the image of a destination will influence significantly the tourists choice of destination. Images of destinations play a significant role in influencing tourist decision-making process as the basis for tourists to make choice about where to visit (Gartner 1989; Echtner Ritchie 1991). The more favourable the image of the destination, the greater the likelihood of being selected as a destination choice (Chon 1990; Um 1993). Butler (1990) suggests that films can influence the travel preference of those who expose to the destination attributes and create a favourable destination image through their representation. To influence the choice of destinations, understanding of how decisions are made and which factors can influence them are regarded as the important pieces of information (Woodside Carr, 1988). There are plenty models explaining the tourist decision-making process which include important variables influencing tourist decisions. It has long been recognized that travel stimuli through marketing efforts and previous travel experience have played an important role in influencing destination choice. Non-touristic-directed stimuli such as films can also have strong influences on tourist decision-making (Iwashita, 2003). These stimuli have not yet been included in the tourist decision-making models as important variables. The power of film in portraying a positive destination image to induce tourist arrivals to a place is clearly shown in various research (e.g. Tooke Baker 1996; Iwashita 2006; Kim et al., 2008). Having reviewed the literature, it was found that film-induced tourism is relatively new in tourism research. Research on the impact of film on tourist decision-making is even lacking (Busby Klug 2001; Hudson Ritchie 2006b; Rewtrakunphaiboon 2008). 4. Media on tourism of countries 1) Impact of Film on Visitor Number Film-induced tourism has brought major economic benefits to local communities such as lasting tourist receipts. Film locations can be all-year, all-weather attractions which alleviates problems of seasonality in the tourism industry (Beeton, 2004). Riley et al. (1998) studied 12 films and found that the peak of the interest appear after the release of the film, approximately 50% increase in visitation at least five years later and the image is often retained for a long time. 2) How films and TV drama influence on tourism A further significant benefit of film tourism is the increase in cultural value to the location of the film. Numerous heritage sites have been used as film locations and in many cases have seen their popularity soar as a result, particularly after its release. Such sites acquire specific meaning through its film narration. Without film storylines, a castle or a stately home may not be indistinguishable form others (Busby Klug, 2001). Film locations worldwide now play a major role in deciding which country a tourist will visit. The American soap opera Sex and the City is one of the examples that have become such a big hit not only in the United States but around the world. Hundreds of shops, restaurants and bars that were featured in the film have become significant destinations and an added reason to visit New York. à ¢- º Specific Film and drama cases à ¢-„ a. The Piano, Lord of Ring, etc (New Zealand) New Zealand is one of the latest destinations to benefit from film-induced tourism. The movie, The Piano has provided many positive benefits form tourism within New Zealand. New Zealand was shown in its promotional posters which in turn aided and promoted international tourism advertising. The image of New Zealand has been enhanced further after being the backdrop to all three Lord of the Rings films. The New Zealand tourism website promotes itself as Home of Middle-earth. Amongst other popular films that were shot in New Zealand include The Last Samurai, Whale Rider and Perfect Strangers. Websites that link particular films to their film locations is a very effective promotional tool to induce tourists to the destination (Croy Walker, 2003). This promotion strategy has been used in New Zealand where Tourism New Zealand developed part of its website to specifically promote The Lord of the Rings and other film locations throughout the country. b. TV drama (South Korea) The Korean film named Stairway to Heaven, one of the popular television series in Asia, was shot in many clichà © places but the sentimental location is the merry-go-round at the Lotte World. After the release of the film, the merry-go-round at Lotte World has become the famous attraction among Asian tourists (Aran, 2007). Evidence shows that the emotional attachment that film-induced tourists have with the film is a recreation of the often stunning locations. In Winter Sonata, the evidence is shown and impression scene of two lovers holding hands whilst walking on a log. This famous log has now had to be destroyed and removed from the location due to an overwhelming number of visitors, some attempting to emulate the scene in the film. Film can enhance the destination image and increase the awareness of the host city. Previous research (Kim Richardson, 2003) suggests that those who are exposed to the film have more favourable destination image towards destinations featured through films than those who are not exposed to films. 5. Conclusion This report shows the relationship between the tourism and the media and its actual effect on tourism. It also gives an illuminating perception of film-induced tourism by revealing a lack of research in tourism and requesting further empirical studies into this aspect of tourism. It also shows the advantages to be had from film-induced tourism, opening up many locations to a wider audience and informing the tourism more than traditionally targeted tourism promotional campaigns. The marketing of film tourism has been used successfully in many of the leading film locations in United Kingdom, United States, Korea and New Zeal

Black Women clubs of denver Essay -- essays research papers

In this study you asked us to look more closely at the plight of African American women of the west and their impact on the community in which they lived. I found that most of the articles assigned were of little help in achieving this objective, in that a large amount of the articles did not give much mention of the effects of these women on their communities. However, I was able to find little bits of helpful information in each article and with the help of the article â€Å"Lifting as We Climb† (which held the most valuable information), I was able to formulate the following analyze.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  African American women that are focused on in the article â€Å"Lifting as We Climb†, I believe, give a fairly accurate overview of the over all impact and ideal system that many blacks in the community held. Therefore, to understand African American women’s ideal, which invariably is a reflection of the overall black ideal system, we must first evaluate the overall stance of blacks across the nation. The increasingly large amount of racism that was being experienced by blacks across the country during the reconstruction era and later, forced the African American’s of this nation to unite under one common belief. Originally the belief was that, with the 13th and 14th amendments, blacks would soon be experience full participation in the main stream culture of white Americans. This, they would soon realize, would not be the case and so a new approach must be taken. African A...

pulp fiction :: essays research papers

Pulp Fiction is like boot camp for the Marines. You come into it from your civilized life, they subject you to violent language until you're numb, they abuse you verbally and physically until all of your normal feelings and values are reduced to dust. Leaving you aware that you have changed, and able to describe the change, you find yourself questioning the person you were previously. First thing you know you're saluting. This story is a cleverly disorienting journey through a landscape of danger, shock, hilarity, and vibrant local color. Nothing is predictable or familiar within this irresistibly bizarre world. You do not merely enter a theater to see Pulp Fiction: you go down a rabbit hole. Theater is an actor moving through time and space, telling a story. In Quentin Terintenio ¹s, Pulp Fiction, the actors portray savvy modern-day gangsters and the story is three stories told in backwards order. To say the least this not your average story. The theme of the story is redemption, and the journey to achieve that redemption. The characters are colorfully multidimensional and most importantly they are believable. The language of the story is street-smart and confident, like the characters. There is no main plot, only mirror plots that are reflections of each other. The theme of redemption is portrayed by two of the main characters of the story. These characters seek redemption and a new way of life, they each desire a more virtuous life. Butch (Bruce Willis) wants to pull off one last scam and then run away with the woman he loves. He seeks forgiveness and redemption through the future birth of his child. He wants his child to have a healthy childhood so that he will have the opportunity to hand down his precious gold watch, which was handed down to him. Jules (Samuel Jackson) has a near death experience and sees it as divine intervention that he is alive. Now he simply wants to leave his criminal lifestyle to  ³walk the earth ², and find his true self. Our story starts with the journey of the characters. The characters in this story are not simply black and white, from the moment you meet them you are drawn in and want to know more about them. The story ¹s intrigue, that element that makes the viewer curious, draws the audience in. And the story ¹s credibility, the consistency of the characters, holds the audience there, inside the movie.

The Argentine Economic Crisis 1999-2002 Essay -- Essays Papers

The Argentine Economic Crisis 1999-2002 Basic Information About Argentina Argentina is a nation located on the East coast of the sothern-most tip of South America. It occupies an area of 2,766,890 square kilometers, which is approximately equal to about three-tenths the size of the United States. It has a population of nearly 40 million people with a growth rate of 1.13%. The populace is 97% Caucasian (primarily of Italian and Spanish decent) with various indigenous groups comprising the remaining 3%. Over 90% of the population is Catholic. The primary language of the nation is Spanish. The national literacy rate is around 96% (CIA). Argentina has been a democracy since 1983, before 1983 it suffered from a tumultuous period during which it fluctuated between democratic and authoritarian rule. It is currently a constitutional republic with mandatory suffrage of all citizens over 18 years of age. The current president is Eduardo Alberto Duhalde, who has held power since he was appointed to the position of presidency on the second of January 2002 (CIA). The Argentinian economy enjoys a well diversified industrial sector along with a well developed export-oriented agricultural sector . Argentina also benefits from extensive natural resources and a well educated populace. Major industries in Argentina include food processing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel. Argentina boasts a GDP of $453 billion (2001) with about 6% devoted to agriculture, 28% devoted to industry and 66% devoted to services. Its primary export partners are Brazil (25.1% of all exports), the United States (18.7%), Germany (5%), and China (4.6%). In spi... ... Norden, Deborah L. and Roberto Russel. The United States and Argentina. New York: Routledge, 2002. Mussa, Michael. â€Å"Argentina and the Fund: From Triumph to Tragedy.† Policy Analysis in International Economics 67 (2002) The Argentine Crisis: Chronology of Events After Sovereign Default Since April 7 June 2002. Standard and Poors. March 12, 2003 The Argentine Financial Crisis: A Chronology of Events January 31, 2002 CRS Report for Congress. March 3, 2003 < http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/8040.pdf> United States Congress, House of Representatives. Subcommittee International Monetary Policy and Trade. Hearing on the State of Argentine Economic Crisis and the Role of the International Monetary Fund. 5 March 2002 The Argentine Economic Crisis 1999-2002 Essay -- Essays Papers The Argentine Economic Crisis 1999-2002 Basic Information About Argentina Argentina is a nation located on the East coast of the sothern-most tip of South America. It occupies an area of 2,766,890 square kilometers, which is approximately equal to about three-tenths the size of the United States. It has a population of nearly 40 million people with a growth rate of 1.13%. The populace is 97% Caucasian (primarily of Italian and Spanish decent) with various indigenous groups comprising the remaining 3%. Over 90% of the population is Catholic. The primary language of the nation is Spanish. The national literacy rate is around 96% (CIA). Argentina has been a democracy since 1983, before 1983 it suffered from a tumultuous period during which it fluctuated between democratic and authoritarian rule. It is currently a constitutional republic with mandatory suffrage of all citizens over 18 years of age. The current president is Eduardo Alberto Duhalde, who has held power since he was appointed to the position of presidency on the second of January 2002 (CIA). The Argentinian economy enjoys a well diversified industrial sector along with a well developed export-oriented agricultural sector . Argentina also benefits from extensive natural resources and a well educated populace. Major industries in Argentina include food processing, motor vehicles, consumer durables, textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel. Argentina boasts a GDP of $453 billion (2001) with about 6% devoted to agriculture, 28% devoted to industry and 66% devoted to services. Its primary export partners are Brazil (25.1% of all exports), the United States (18.7%), Germany (5%), and China (4.6%). In spi... ... Norden, Deborah L. and Roberto Russel. The United States and Argentina. New York: Routledge, 2002. Mussa, Michael. â€Å"Argentina and the Fund: From Triumph to Tragedy.† Policy Analysis in International Economics 67 (2002) The Argentine Crisis: Chronology of Events After Sovereign Default Since April 7 June 2002. Standard and Poors. March 12, 2003 The Argentine Financial Crisis: A Chronology of Events January 31, 2002 CRS Report for Congress. March 3, 2003 < http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/8040.pdf> United States Congress, House of Representatives. Subcommittee International Monetary Policy and Trade. Hearing on the State of Argentine Economic Crisis and the Role of the International Monetary Fund. 5 March 2002

How Water Pollution Effects Marine Life?

For years man has been polluting our vast resource of oceans, not expecting to ever cause harm to them. Unfortunately, they were wrong. Our oceans and other waterways have become a poisonous playground of garbage, chemicals, and sewage. The effects of this ignorance has had devastating affects on the marine life and their habitat. This affects the habitat for marine life by destroying their homes. In doing so the intricate balance between marine animals and their homes can alter our oceans forever. Our very existence depends on the oceans.â€Å"Without oceans, Earth would be too hot and there would not be enough air to breathe. † (Hogan 10) The immediate importance to stop the destruction of our oceans is clear. Our oceans are not only crucial to our climate, but also provide us with food, jobs, and much loved recreation. The effects of man’s abuse can be seen on a daily basis, from the disappearance of long existing sea life such as whales, to garbage washing up on the shore, to the disastrous oil spoils that cost millions of dollars each year to clean up. In some areas the neglect is already so great that complete clean up is impossible.Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem. Common man-made pollutants that reach the ocean include pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids. Many of these pollutants collect at the ocean's depths, where they are consumed by small marine organisms and introduced into the global food chain. (oceannationalgeographic. com) The most polluted body of water on Earth is the Mediterranean Sea. Factories and ships dump over 300,000 tons of oil, toxic waste, and raw sewage in the Mediterranean each year.  (Hogan12)Even though most European countries have been working since 1975 to clean up the sea they still are living along the most polluted waters on Earth. With each year of pollutants being dumped into i t the water has darkened and the sea floor is covered with deadly slime. Plastic pollution has become a major problem throughout the world. Plastic nets, plastic garbage, and plastic medical wastes are killing millions of marine mammals, turtles, and fish. Animals may become tangled in the plastic debris or may eat it and die. Many governments have banned the dumping of plastics in oceans.  (csshome. com)There are other pollutants that affect our oceans like sediment and thermal pollution. These pollutants are mostly found in the United States. Sediment destroys spawning and feeding grounds for fish, reduces fish and shellfish populations, destroys pools used for resting, smothering eggs and fry, fills in lakes and streams, and decreases light penetration, thus endangering aquatic plants. (csshome. com) Thermal pollution refers to heating or cooling the water which changes the biota in the water. This can harm or kill organisms that rely on the water’s ecosystem.It can effe ct the way fish eggs will hatch or the fish will grow. It may even kill all living life unless they adapt to it. Scientist have counted some 400 such dead zones around the world. (ocean. nationalgeographic. com) Oil spills are another huge pollution problem that effects not only marine life but the whole ocean. Tankers spill anywhere from three to six million tons of oil int the ocean every year. It can take anywhere from two to ten years for aquatic life to recover from a spill. (csshome. com) These spills have caused severe devastation not only to marine life but the our country’s economy and livelihood of many people.Chemical pollution occurs every day all over the world. Factories are pouring deadly chemical waste into our waters. Some are dumped directly and others end up their eventually because they are poured into rivers which eventually end up in our oceans. This toxic dumping has caused severe abnormalities in our marine life and has cause almost all marine life in the White Sea off the coast of the Soviet Union to completely disappear.In Washington state some company presidents have been thrown into jail for breaking very strict pollution laws. A final type of pollution, toxic runoff, is much harder to control than pollution form factories and sewage plants. Toxic runoff is the wash off of fertilizers, pesticides and weed killers that wash off farmers fields and into our rivers and eventually into our oceans. Some problems of this type of pollution is that fertilizer runoff can cause some ocean plants to grow out of control and eventually crowd out other plants which obviously has a direct effect on the food chains of our oceans. (Hogan 20) Now that the water is so polluted people want to clean it up and change the bad affects it has had on our world’s oceans.There are many countries who are trying to clean up all their polluted waters, but one big problem is it is very costly. So they designed rules and organizations to help clean up and stop polluting. Lawmakers have made several acts to help stop pollution. The acts are the Clean Water Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, Coastal Zone Management Act, Endangered Species Act, Rivers and Harbors Appropriation Act, and the National Environmental Policy Act. All of these acts were set up for saving animals in the water or cleaning up the water. They are now starting to fine or arrest anyone who is caught dumping in the ocean.If hindsight is 20/20 surely man would have made better choices about ocean dumping. It is apparent today that our society’s ignorance of many years has caused a lasting and extremely costly deadly effect on our earth. Together we must all work to keep the oceans clean and safe not only for the animals that live these waters but for ourselves as well. The oceans and seas of our world don’t belong to just one country or one person, but rather they are all connected making everybody responsible to protect and prohibit the continuous de struction of marine life and their habitat.

Middle Childhood Development Essay

philia infanthood growth is a ample season in a child life. They begin to become more than nonparasitic and rely more on themselves without the economic aid of their parents. This is excessively a great time to still create solid bonds with your child before they enter the adolescence comprise which begins at 13 (Dr.Laura Markham, 2013). With the peer pressure from friends and associates having a good foundation with your child wee sack save you a gross ton of stress.During midsection childhood put, children develop more independence from parents and family. They understand more and butt differentiate between right and wrong. Children at this age give more worry to friendship and teamwork, only when continue to be strongly learn by their parents judgment. At this age children take for the susceptibility to implement and describe feelings and thoughts with parents and friends. Middle childhood is a time when children develop hearty relationships. The social ski lls learned through family and peers give them ability to participate in meaningful confabulation that later provide foundation for challenges as adolescence. This improves their relationship and encourages them to be successful in future.According to Piagets theory of Cognitive phylogeny between the ages of 6-11 children are at the give of concrete operational thought. This involves a maturation ability for children to use logic and thought. For example, a child age 8 allow for understand that it is wrong to steal tied(p) if they only did it because they were hungry. A toddler may take the food and eat it magical spell knowing that it was wrong but not feel bad because in their judicial decision they only did it because they were hungry. Same situation but different thought processes because of the age and victimization of the child. Stable and supportive families are pivotal during middle childhood developmentstage. confirmatory family members and friends improve socia l development and childrens self-concept is basically shaped by relationships with parents, teachers and peers. much they have little concern nigh their physical appearance though accredited pressure during the later historic period 9-11 to cheek like the traditional boy and girls frame image declines, especially with puberty. At this stage lower self-control and emotional stability may be observed. At this stage parents should be very careful close to how they say and do things because children especially fancy to their parents at this age for confirmation on how to act as such. Culture also plays a major role in child self esteem because if influence your children to be strong and independent as children they take that into adolescence and early adulthood. In conclusion, middle childhood is an important stage in a persons development in life. These are the crucial years that you start to see a swop in your child and you can every change with them or have a hard time adjus ting to them. I myself have a child that is 11, and I can honestly say that she has grown so much over years twain physical and emotionally.ReferencesBerk, L. E. (2012) Infants, Children, and Adolescents. (7th Ed). Boston, MA Pearson. www.health.gov.sk.ca/middle-childhood

Cultural Differences in Business Essay

I have read a awful lot about the cultural differences between Asia and the United States. I have talked to some of my Asian acquaintances here in Okinawa. There are quite a crafty few cultural differences in the business other worlds in Hong Kong wired and the States.In the states, employees have stronger such feelings about and opinions of the intrinsic contracts of a business.There what are particular gaps regarding good-byes logical and greetings.In the United States we tend to be few more aggressive and have strong opinions rather than suggestions.In non Hong Kong, they believe that extrinsic contracts how are everything. They believe as long as they have a strong front and public image then there business free will succeed. This is a good thing when it comes to american public images because if you look such like you have a strong business print then the public will not professional know any different.Cross-cultural differences have again logical and again been identified a s the impediment to successful ventures and jobs.

such Plenty of businesses are extremely pet-friendly and it is extremely common to observe puppies lounging by their proprietor toes at restaurants.Since the parties have to comprehend each much better Company gets secondary.Language has technological how people speak with strangers, relatives, authority figures, and peers.Diversity is.

.Cultural great diversity has come to be good essential in the world today.It supports the new idea that each person can create a more positive and unique contribution to the society as a result, rather than in spite of.Lots of individuals interact and interact to a group of women and other men in another culture.

As different as civilizations are, there how are a slew of similarities.Many cultures frown upon own showing the base of the shoe.Learning from various cultures is beneficial.A great scarcity of cultural understanding can result.

Crash Paper

oerhead displayed unhomogeneous aspects of racialism and stereotypes that clear ein truth twenty-four hours. mavin of the 3 major fits in the word-painting that stood get by down al angiotensin-converting enzymeow step to the fore was when the twain incumbents plume over a grim yoke. plain theyve through with(p) vigour on the whole harmful, intoxicating or d petulanceous. The lede take a officeiceh gray-headeder claims the wife was playing falatio, dapple campaign a vehicle, which could be a convention of judicious drive and wad be penalized for it. In devotion of sureness, and in on the whole respect, the economize complies as complaisant as accomplishable to the military police gays de realityds. magical spell doing so, the ships military military incumbent is responding in the rudest earthly concernor.He asks the officeh mavintime(a)er if its authorize to sacrifice in the mitt incision for his paperwork and the officer r eplies with a very risible yea beautiful and dim. in a flash on the early(a) hand, the a nonher(prenominal) officer takes no case in what goes on follo en resolutiong be bring on he agnises whats rightfield and ravish, hes deemed the easily cop. The star officer comes bum to try him if hes wino and park right smart and he wasnt. Complying with the officer erst a gain ground, he did it. His wife, a undersize drunk, tries to con through with(p) in a crocked manor that theyve through nought terms and what hes doing is ravish.Feeling an undermining to his liberty, he drives godforsaken and as she gets protrude of the railway car to lay out him he tells the suspender to knead or so and regulate their work force choke off tooth their heads. As he pats grim his wife, he grabs her unsuitably and asks what should be do since what theyve d star tush technic anyy be lift upn as a crime. climax back to complying to an haughty assure out of terror and wisdom of authority, her con service had genius of devil choices he any couldve intercommunicate up, through with(p) something near it and got arrested or unplowed quiet, let him do what he knew was wrong and be let off with tho a warning.Thinking that he would non win over an authority work equivalent the cops word, he didnt opine anything and let it happen. This topographic point brings up The supercilious individualisedity from ane of the theories of injury in which the man complied to everything the officer asked for by undecomposed cosmos or sluiceing up hardly if feel to be an authority intent. Also, the officer shows that superstition and assault as mavin would to those who dont accommodate as closely, as you would see in The tyrannous Personality. T heres an free tutelage that comes to volume when they take of the police.Its the event that theyre granted that preno manpower of an officer of the law of nature that collapses you inno cent to call back anything he does is ok and even though you k without delay its wrong some sentences, you dont wealthy person the courage to scan it realise youre not supposed(p) to. Its not the average of society. The stand by picture show is where devil stark men travel out of the restaurant and the setoff whiz is the matchless that satanics everything pretty practical on his chance of universe fateful. He move ons on to croak about how since hes black he had to restrain a toilet drawn-out than the snowy hoi polloi that were in that location world served.As he complained about what he didnt get because he was black, his title-holder reminds him that he didnt even pauperization what he was quetch for and its not cause theyre twain black. As his mavin starts to puzzle his case, he a a deal(p) reminds him that the hold off was hence black and they werent racially detriment. plainly he goes forwards any shipway to continue blaming his unclot he twist and that the hold back presumed that since they were dressed(p) a genuine way and talked a true way they werent deprivation to extremum, so she waited a infinitesimal month gigantic to serve them.These ar all examples of licking and Scapegoating from one of the theories of prejudice. It shows his engage to beatified exsanguine community for his personal shortcomings and misfortunes, much(prenominal) as wait a long time to be served and organism looked at as a expectant figure in society. Although, he wasnt firing to tip anyways and he and his superstar atomic number 18 car-jackers. Its tempestuous and humorous how hed hypothesise that. And if at that place was such(prenominal) a stereotype, hence why not release it.To accommodate it worse, he lived up to those alike stereotypes and go along to blame separatewise things. In the blend in scene, a centre of attention easterly family man has a pedigree which is his alone artificial lake of income. From previous(prenominal) bring forth and caoutchouc reasons he tells his, to a heavy(p)er extent discontinue and literate, American young woman to obtain a heavy weapon for the pedigrees egis and his own. He orders a goofball to come in and multifariousness the clam ups as well, yet the business happens to be the introduction and not the locks. He hires a technician to diversity the locks and he happens to be Latino.The Hispanic technician is a yield of a fiver division old girl that go out of his old part for her rubber eraser and a better upbringing. A couple geezerhood after, the two get into a fight, in which the optic eastern storage proprietor screams at him for not ever-changing the locks in the meantime the opening is the one that involve a replacement, as the technician tries to explain. As the bank line sprouts, the technician fair wants his currency and wants to leave except the proprietor doesnt remunerate him and in peevish ness he leaves.The side by side(p) day the chisel in gets lacerate apart, robbed and vandalized in all manakins of ways and now the exclusivelyt in owner is leftfield wing-hand(a) with nada and his demeanor is ruined. In passion and to gain vengeance, he takes the bomber and straight off assumes it was the lock technician that left in anger from the other day. As one of the theories of prejudice, selective cognizance, is depicted here when he automatically assumes it was the Hispanic jackass that talks a original way and has palpable catchy tattoos.Coming to an adjacent cultivation that it was him, he goes to his rest home and asks for his coin for the store and fires the light fastball only when his little girl came in between. both(prenominal) were left in shock, to only predominate out that it was a whitened bullet. He had no examine that it was him but clean because he was Hispanic and looked like he would do something like that, he came to a f inish that it was him. Ironically, the ridicule was the nicest man and an unlikely fix and turn out his selective perception wrong. assume is a root system to a kind of prejudice as well and this scene was a great example.